Assessing Resilience in Power Grids as a Particular Case of Supply Chain Management

Electrical power grids represent a critical infrastructure for a nation as well as strategically important. Literature review identified that power grids share basic characteristics with Supply Chain Management. This thesis presents a linear programming model to assess power grid resilience as a particular case of Supply Chain Management. Since resilient behavior is not an individual or specific system\u27s attribute but a holistic phenomenon based on the synergic interaction within complex systems, resilience drivers in power grids were identified. Resilience is a function of Reliability, Recovery Capability, Vulnerability and Pipeline Capacity. In order to embed heterogeneous variables into the model, parameterization of resilience drivers were developed. A principle of improving resilience through redundancy was applied in the model by using a virtual redundancy in each link which allows reliability improvement throughout the entire network. Vulnerability was addressed through the standard MIL-STD 882D, and mitigated through security allocation. A unique index (R) integrates the resilience complexity to facilitate alternate scenarios analysis toward strategic decision making. Decision makers are enabled to improve overall power grid performance through reliability development as well as security allocation at the more strategic links identified by the optimal solutions. Moreover, this tool lets decision makers fix grid variables such as reliability, reduced pipeline capacity, or vulnerabilities within the model in order to find optimal solutions that withstand disruptions. The model constitutes an effective tool not only for efficient reliability improvement but also for rational security allocation in the most critical links within the network. Finally, this work contributes to the federal government mandates accomplishment, intended to address electrical power-related risks and vulnerabilities

Diseño e implementación del prototipo de un sistema de control y administración de competencias de autos tipo rally

This document describes a prototype of a minimum viable product of an app for Rally car competition. The identified problem is the lack of precision and accuracy at designing the timed sections of a competition...El presente trabajo describe un prototipo de un producto mínimo viable de una aplicación para competencias de autos tipo rally. El problema identificado es la falta de precisión y exactitud al diseñar un tramo cronometrado de una competencia..

Eficiência financeira e desempenho exportador: uma abordagem empírica

Considering the growth of international business due to the globalization processes of economies, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between exports and the financial efficiency of a set of Colombian firms during the period between 2007 and 2015. For this purpose, linear mixed models and stochastic frontier analysis were used to identify the importance of current assets, the net return on assets and the duration of the companies. Thus, the results showed a positive contribution of current assets to export performance, while net asset profitability and firm duration showed a negative behavior with respect to the latter. The fact that the importance of current assets is positively related to export performance indicates that as the value exported increases, current assets increase, probably through inventory accounts and receivables. Likewise, the fact that the return on assets has a negative relationship shows that companies may be incurring high export costs that decrease their profits and consequently their profitability.Considerando el crecimiento de los negocios internacionales a raíz de los procesos de globalización de las economías, este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la relación entre las exportaciones y la eficiencia financiera de un conjunto de empresas colombianas durante el periodo comprendido entre 2007 y 2015. Para ello, se emplearon modelos lineales mixtos y modelos estocásticos de fronteras eficientes para identificar la importancia del activo corriente, la rentabilidad neta del activo y la duración de las empresas. De esta manera, los resultados mostraron un aporte positivo del activo corriente frente al desempeño exportador, mientras que la rentabilidad neta del activo y la duración de las empresas obtuvieron un comportamiento negativo respecto a este. El hecho de que la importancia del activo corriente guarde una relación positiva con el desempeño exportador, indica que a medida que aumenta el valor exportado, aumenta el activo corriente, probablemente a través de las cuentas de inventario y cuentas por cobrar. Asimismo, que la rentabilidad sobre los activos tenga una relación negativa muestra que es posible que las empresas estén incurriendo en altos costos de exportación que hacen disminuir sus utilidades y consecuentemente su rentabilidad.Considerando o crescimento dos negócios internacionais em consequência da globalização das economias, este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre as exportações e a eficiência financeira de um grupo de empresas colombianas durante o período compreendido entre 2007 e 2015. Para isso, utilizou-se modelos lineais mistos e modelos estocásticos de fronteiras eficientes para identificar a importância do ativo circulante, a rentabilidade líquida do ativo e a duração das empresas. Desta maneira, os resultados mostraram uma contribuição positiva do ativo comum contra o desempenho exportador, enquanto que a rentabilidade líquida do ativo e a duração das empresas obtiveram um comportamento negativo sobre este. O fato de que a importância do ativo comum guarde uma relação positiva com o desempenho exportador, indica que a medida que aumenta o valor exportado, aumenta o ativo comum, provavelmente através das contas de inventario e contas a cobrar. Igualmente, que a rentabilidade sobre os ativos tenha uma relação negativa mostra que é possível que as empresas estejam incorrendo em altos custos de exportação que fazem diminuir suas utilidades e consequentemente sua rentabilidade

Caracterización de parámetros ventilatorios y antropométricos en ciclistas del municipio de Fusagasugá

This article presents the development of a morpho-physiological characterization of a group of 15 competition cyclists from the municipality of Fusagasugá, who belong to the pre-youth, youth, sub-23 and elite categories. A spiro-metric test was carried out on a cycle ergometer (maximal progressive test) in order to find ventilatory parameters, and an anthropometric assessment to determine body composition and somatotype. The data obtained allowed a comparative analysis with other similar works (Neumann, Basanta), to confront the physical condition and anthropometric structure of the subjects of the sample with high-performance populations. The study reflects the initial data of a longitudinal macro project, which will include the sample to project future adaptations and modifications of the training process. The data is presented by analyzing the W / Kg of weight, which allows identifying the power of each of the cyclists (taking into account that this data is used today as a reference for high-performance training processes). The VO2 Max. it was obtained directly and compared with data from Spanish high-performance cyclists, as well as body composition. The results show differences in relation to power, VO2 Max levels. lower than workers by other groups, with the exception of those obtained in the youth category.El presente artículo expone el desarrollo de una caracterización morfo fisiológica de un grupo de 15 ciclistas de competición del municipio de Fusagasugá, que pertenecen a las categorías pre juvenil, juvenil, sub 23 y elite. Se realizó una prueba espiro-métrica en cicloergómetro (test progresivo escalonado maximal) con el fin de hallar parámetros ventilatorios, y una valoración antropométrica para determinar composición corporal y somatotipo. Los datos obtenidos permitieron realizar un análisis comparativo con otros trabajos similares (Neumann, Basanta), para confrontar la condición física y estructura antropométrica de los sujetos de la muestra con poblaciones de alto rendimiento. El estudio refleja los datos iniciales de un proyecto macro longitudinal, que permitió caracterizar la muestra para proyectar a futuro las adaptaciones y modificaciones del proceso de entrenamiento. Los datos se presentan analizando el W/Kg de peso, que permite identificar la potencia de cada uno de los ciclistas (teniendo en cuenta que este dato es utilizado hoy en día como referente de los procesos de entrenamiento en alto rendimiento). El VO2 Máx. se obtuvo de forma directa y se compara con los datos de ciclistas de alto rendimiento españoles, así como la composición corporal. Los resultados muestran diferencias en relación con la potencia, niveles de VO2 Max. inferiores a los presentados por otros grupos, con excepción de los obtenidos en la categoría juvenil

Validación de la entrevista diagnóstica para estudios genéticos (DIGS) en Colombia.

An interview tool, Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS 3.0), was translated into Spanish for application in studies of psychiatric disorders in Colombia. Two Spanish translations of the original English version of DIGS were prepared and back-translated into English. A review committee verified the linguistic and cultural equivalence of the translations. The evaluator and test-retest reliability were assessed calculating Cohen's kappa for samples of 65 and 91 patients respectively. DIGS proved valid in both appearance and content. The confidence interval (C.I.) was excellent for schizophrenia (kappa = 0.81, C.I. 95% = 0.68-0.93), bipolar disorder (kappa = 0.87, C.I. 95% = 0.75-0.99), major depressive disorder (kappa = 0.86, C.I. 95% = 0.70-1.00), and for a normal diagnosis (kappa = 0.65, C.I. 95% = 0.41-0.89); it was good for other psychiatric diagnosis (kappa = 0.65, C.I. 95% = 0.41-0.89) and poor for schizoaffective disorder (kappa = 0.37, C.I. 95% = -0.02-0.76). Test-retest reliability was excellent for all diagnoses (kappa > 0.8), except for ""other psychiatric diagnoses"" (kappa = 0.64, C.I. 95% = 0.31-0.96). The Spanish translation of the DIGS was comprehensible, with face and content validity, and good test-retest and evaluator reliability. This translation will be a useful tool for genetic studies of psychiatric disorders in Latin America, particularly where schizophrenia and affective disorders are involved.Objetivo: validar la entrevista diagnóstica para estudios genéticos (DIGS 3.0) en Colombia. Métodos: se hicieron dos traducciones del inglés al español del DIGS y se hizo traducción en sentido inverso (al inglés) de cada una. Un comité de revisión verificó la equivalencia translingüística y transcultural. Se evaluó la confiabilidad examen-reexamen e interevaluador del DIGS 3.0 en 65 y 91 pacientes, respectivamente, mediante el cálculo de kappa de Cohen. Resultados: el DIGS 3.0 mostró ser comprensible, con validez de apariencia y de contenido. La confiabilidad interevaluador fue excelente para esquizofrenia (k=0,81, IC95%: 0,68-0,93), trastorno bipolar (k=0,87, IC95%: 0,75-0,99), trastorno depresivo mayor (k=0,86, IC95%: 0,7- 1) y ausencia de trastorno psiquiátrico (k=0,88, IC95%: 0,71-1); fue buena para otro diagnóstico psiquiátrico (k=0,65, IC95%: 0,41-0,89) y pobre para trastorno esquizoafectivo (k=0,37, IC95%: -0,02-0,76). La confiabilidad examen-reexamen fue excelente para todos los diagnósticos (k>0,8), excepto para otro diagnóstico psiquiátrico (k=0,64, IC95%: 0,31-0,96), donde fue buena. Conclusiones: la versión en español del DIGS para Colombia mostró comprensibilidad, validez de apariencia y de contenido, y confiabilidad examen-reexamen e interevaluador. Es una herramienta útil para estudios genéticos en esquizofrenia y en trastornos afectivos

Caracterización del uso de los recursos hidrobiológicos y pesqueros, carne de monte, productos maderables y no maderables en el complejo ventana piloto de humedales Paz de Ariporo-Hato Corozal

Este documento es resultado de la ejecución del Contrato 14-13-014-237PS entre el Instituto Humboldt y la Fundación Omacha, firmado en el marco del Convenio 005 (13-014) entre el Instituto Humboldt y el Fondo Adaptación. Contiene la caracterización del uso de los recursos hidrobiológicos y pesqueros, carne de monte, productos maderables y no maderables en el Complejo de Humedales de Paz de Ariporo-Hato Corozal.BogotáSubdirección de Servicios Científicos y Proyectos Especiale

Identificación de amenazas presentes y potenciales para la conservación de hábitats y especies en el complejo ventana piloto de humedales Paz de Ariporo- Hato Corozal

Este documento es resultado de la ejecución del Contrato 14-13-014-237PS entre el Instituto Humboldt y la Fundación Omacha, firmado en el marco del Convenio 005 (13-014) entre el Instituto Humboldt y el Fondo Adaptación. Contiene la identificación de amenazas presentes y potenciales para la conservación de hábitats y especies en el complejo ventana piloto de humedales de Paz de Ariporo- Hato Corozal.BogotáSubdirección de Servicios Científicos y Proyectos Especiale

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century